Dr. Khan is associate professor in the Department of Political Science and International Relations at the University of Delaware. He is also a fellow of the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding His website is ijtihad.org. An earlier version of this paper were presented as the keynote address of the Second Annual Conference on the Muslim World: Systemic Transformation in the Muslim World, held at Al-Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco, October 30–November 2, 2013. The paper was also presented at the International Studies Association's Northeast Annual Conference on November 11, 2013, and its Southern Regional Conference, October 12, 2013.