Mr. Kourany has worked in the medical and humanitarian fields, focusing on safety and security analysis, primarily on Turkey and his native Syria. Ms. Myers has worked for more than three decades on development, humanitarian and emergency assistance in Palestine and Syria, as well as in Jordan, Lebanon, Egypt, Yemen and the Sultanate of Oman. She is the board chair of Eye to the Future, a nonprofit that assists Syrians affected by the conflict. This paper was developed from a presentation at a Research and Policy workshop on "Development Strategies for Conflict Areas in the Middle East" co-sponsored by the Boston Consortium for Arab Region Studies and the Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University, in December 2016.